Ka-hortagga wasakhda iyo xakamaynta habka samaynta warqadaha musqusha waxaa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood: goobta-dhirta ee daaweynta deegaanka wanaagsan iyo daaweynta biyaha wasakhda ah ee ka baxsan goobta.
Daaweynta gudaha-dhirta
Oo ay ku jiraan: ① xoojinta diyaarinta (booska, wasakhda, diirka, pith, iwm), isticmaalka filimada biyaha ururiyaha siigada, la yareeyo wasakhowga boodhka ee aqoon isweydaarsiga diyaarinta, ururinta qashinka, soo kabashada gubashada tamarta kulaylka, sida isticmaalka jilif, jajabyo alwaax ah, kuleyliyaha cawska; ② Ilaalinta biyaha, dib u warshadaynta biyaha cad, dhawr jeer oo dib loo isticmaalo; ③ si loo hagaajiyo soo saarista khamriga madow ee lagu kariyo, la xoojiyo maamulka miiska dhaqida miiska hadda si loo kordhiyo tirada qaybaha, la yareeyo qadarka karinta khamriga madow ee saxarka laga soo qaaday dhaqidda, iyo isticmaalka qashinka qashinka ee ugu fiican ee soo kabashada dareeraha ee kiimikooyinka iyo tignoolajiyada tamarta kulaylka, sida soo kabashada alkali, iyo ka faa'iidaysiga dhammaystiran ee dareeraha kale. Oo isticmaal dareeraha qashinka ah ee saxda ah ee ka soo kabashada kiimikooyinka iyo tignoolajiyada tamarta kulaylka, sida soo kabashada alkali, iyo sidoo kale isticmaalka kale ee dhamaystiran ee tignoolajiyada dareeraha wasakhda; ④ koloriin dioxide ama oxy-alkali bleaching, ama hydrogen peroxide bleaching, si loo yareeyo biyaha wasakhda ah ee lignin chloride, chlorophenol iyo qiiqa kale ee sunta ah; ⑤ Uumiga wasakhaysan oo lagu sifeeyey habka soo saarista uumiga si dib loogu isticmaalo si loo yareeyo qiiqa biyaha wasakhda ah ee baaruudda la yareeyey iyo walxaha organic milmaya; ⑥ ururinta khamriga madow ee ordaya, dareeraha cagaarka ah, dareere cad, oo leh kombuyuutar elektaroonig ah si loo cabbiro diiradda, si toos ah dib loogu celiyo garaacista haanta u dhiganta, si loo yareeyo qiiqa; ⑦ dib u soo kabashada fiilooyinka lumay, hoos u dhig nuxurka adkaha la hakiyey ee biyaha wasakhda ah; ⑧ si loo hagaajiyo soo kabashada saabuunta turpentine sulphate, la yareeyo sii deynta walxaha sunta ah; ⑨ daaweynta qashinka adag, isticmaalka gubashada si looga soo kabsado kulaylka, ka faa'iidaysiga dhamaystiran iyo buuxinta godka saddexda nooc ee daaweynta; ⑩ daawaynta boodhka, waxa loo isticmaali karaa ka saarida boodhka korontadu, ka saarida filimka biyaha boodhka iyo kala-soocida duufaanta iyo qalabka kale; farsamaynta wasakhowga hawada Kala-soocidda iyo qalabka kale; daaweynta wasakhowga hawada, ururinta gaaska udgoon ee aqoon-is-weydaarsi kasta, oo ay ku jiraan gaasta ur leh ee ay kiciso uumiga biyaha wasakhaysan, qaboojinta ka dib, fuuqbaxa, qarxinta-caddaynta iyo tallaabooyin kale, oo loo diro kuleyliyaha, foornada soo kabashada alkali ama daawaynta gubasho lime; Daaweynta buuqa, qaado tillaabooyin lagu baabi'inayo gariir, dahaarka dhawaaqa oo u beddel qalabka sanqadha hoose.
Daaweynta biyaha wasakhda ah ee ka baxsan geedka
Biyaha wasakhda ah ee ka soo baxa wadarta guud ee ka soo baxa geedka oo dhan waxaa lagu daaweeyaa heer hoose ama sare ka hor inta aan lagu shubin biyo, ama biyaha wasakhda ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa waraabka iyo ciidda iyo dhirta ayaa loo isticmaalaa si loo nadiifiyo biyaha wasakhda ah. Daawaynta aasaasiga ahi waxay inta badan ka saartaa walxaha hakadka ku jira, iyadoo la adeegsanayo habab ay ka mid yihiin wasakhaynta iyo shaandhaynta iyo sabbaynta hawada. Dhirta gaarka ah waxay ku daraan flocculants biyaha wasakhda ah si ay meesha uga saaraan qaar ka mid ah walxaha dabiiciga ah ee kolloidalka ah, sida lignin iyo pigments. Daaweynta aasaasiga ah ee guud waxay ka saari kartaa 80 ~ 90% SS iyo 20% BOD5. daaweynta labaad ee daaweynta biochemical, inta badan si meesha looga saaro BOD5. Shiinaha ayaa leh dhowr dhir ah ayaa lagu dabaqay habkan, tirinta balliyada oksaydhka, biofilters, bio-turntable iyo sludge firfircoon (oo ay ku jiraan xayeysiis iyo dib-u-cusbooneysiin, hawo-qaadid degdeg ah, oxidation xiriir). Daaweynta guud ee dugsiga sare waxay ka saari kartaa 60 ~ 95% BOD5. Wadamada horumaray warshadaha, waxaa jira warshado gaar ah oo loogu talagalay qurxinta jaamacadeed ee biyaha wasakhda ah iyo daaweynta sifaynta, si loo gaadho heerka biyaha la cabbo, laakiin kharashku waa qaali.
Waraaqaha musqusha ee Yashi 100% ma isticmaalaan bacriminta kiimikada iyo sunta cayayaanka. Geedi socodka oo dhami waxa uu qaadanayaa tignoolajiyada jidheed iyo kuwa aan bleaching ahayn si loo hubiyo in aanay jirin hadhaagii sunta ahaa iyo kuwa waxyeelada leh sida kiimikooyinka, sunta cayayaanka, biraha culus, iwm. Waxa tijaabisay hay’adda imtixaanaadka ee caalamiga ah ee SGS oo aanay ku jirin sun iyo walxaha waxyeelada leh iyo kansarka. Isticmaalku waa ka badbaado badan yahay macaamiishana waa la hubaa.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-13-2024
